A benchtop lathe is a compact machine tool used for shaping and machining materials like wood and metal. It operates by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool, allowing users to create cylindrical shapes, threads, and other intricate designs. These lathes are popular among hobbyists and small-scale manufacturers due to their space-saving design and versatility. Typically powered by an electric motor, benchtop lathes come in various sizes and configurations to suit different projects. They often feature adjustable speeds and tool holders, making them suitable for both beginners and experienced machinists. Proper safety precautions should always be followed when operating these machines.