Ashrama refers to the four stages of life in Hindu philosophy, which guide individuals on their spiritual and social journey. These stages are Brahmacharya (student life), Grihastha (householder life), Vanaprastha (hermit stage), and Sannyasa (renounced life). Each stage has specific duties and responsibilities that contribute to personal growth and societal harmony. The concept of ashrama emphasizes the importance of living a balanced life, fulfilling one's obligations while also pursuing spiritual development. By following these stages, individuals can achieve a sense of purpose and ultimately seek Moksha, or liberation from the cycle of birth and rebirth.