An analog microphone is a device that converts sound waves into electrical signals. It captures audio through a diaphragm that vibrates when sound hits it, creating an electrical current that corresponds to the sound's frequency and amplitude. This type of microphone typically uses a simple electrical circuit to transmit the audio signal. Analog microphones are commonly used in various applications, including live performances, recording studios, and broadcasting. They can be found in different forms, such as dynamic and condenser microphones, each with unique characteristics suited for specific sound capture needs.