A condenser microphone is a type of microphone that uses a diaphragm placed close to a backplate to create an electrical signal. This design allows it to capture a wide range of frequencies and produce high-quality sound, making it popular for recording vocals and instruments in studios. These microphones require a power source, often provided by a battery or phantom power from a mixing console. They are sensitive and can pick up subtle details, which is why they are commonly used in professional audio applications, including music production and broadcasting.