Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. It leads to the gradual loss of muscle control, making it difficult for individuals to move, speak, swallow, and breathe. The exact cause of ALS is not fully understood, but genetic and environmental factors may play a role. Symptoms of ALS typically begin with muscle weakness and can progress to paralysis. While there is currently no cure for ALS, treatments are available to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Research is ongoing to better understand the disease and develop effective therapies.