Adenomyosis is a medical condition where the tissue that normally lines the uterus, called the endometrium, grows into the muscular wall of the uterus. This can lead to an enlarged uterus and cause symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, severe cramping, and pelvic pain. It often affects women in their 30s and 40s and can be associated with other conditions like endometriosis. The exact cause of adenomyosis is not fully understood, but it may be linked to hormonal changes or previous uterine surgeries. Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests like ultrasound or MRI. Treatment options range from pain management to surgical procedures, depending on the severity of the symptoms.