The term "Zahiri" refers to a school of thought within Islamic jurisprudence that emphasizes a literal interpretation of the Quran and Hadith. This approach prioritizes the apparent meanings of texts over personal reasoning or consensus, making it distinct from other schools that may allow for more interpretative flexibility. The Zahiri school was founded by the Islamic scholar Ibn Hazm in the 11th century. It gained prominence in Al-Andalus and has influenced various legal and theological discussions within Islam. Although it is less widely practiced today, its principles continue to be studied and respected in certain circles.