X-linked disorders are genetic conditions caused by mutations in genes located on the X chromosome. These disorders primarily affect males, as they have only one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. If a male inherits an affected X chromosome, he will express the disorder. Females, having two X chromosomes, may be carriers without showing symptoms, but they can pass the affected X chromosome to their children. Common examples of X-linked disorders include hemophilia and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In these conditions, the severity and symptoms can vary widely, depending on the specific gene involved and whether the individual is male or female.