The X chromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes in humans, the other being the Y chromosome. Females typically have two X chromosomes (XX), while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). The X chromosome carries many genes that are important for various bodily functions, including those related to growth and development. X chromosomes are larger than Y chromosomes and contain more genes. Some genetic disorders, such as hemophilia and color blindness, are linked to mutations on the X chromosome. Because females have two copies, they often have a backup if one X chromosome has a mutation, while males have only one, making them more susceptible to X-linked disorders.