World War I was a global conflict that lasted from 1914 to 1918, primarily involving the major powers of Europe. It began after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary, leading to a complex web of alliances and military mobilizations. The war saw the use of trench warfare and new technologies, resulting in significant loss of life and widespread destruction. The conflict ended with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, which imposed heavy reparations on Germany and redrew national borders. The war had lasting effects on global politics, contributing to the rise of totalitarian regimes and setting the stage for World War II.