World War II in the Netherlands began in May 1940 when German forces invaded the country. The Dutch government surrendered within five days, leading to five years of occupation. During this time, the Dutch faced strict regulations, food shortages, and the persecution of Jewish citizens, with many being deported to concentration camps. The war ended in May 1945 when the Netherlands was liberated by Allied forces. The aftermath saw significant destruction and loss of life, prompting efforts to rebuild the nation. The experience of the war has had a lasting impact on Dutch society and memory, influencing how the country remembers its history, including the role of the Dutch Resistance.