The term "Wittelsbach" refers to a prominent German noble family that played a significant role in European history. Originating in the 12th century, the Wittelsbachs ruled various territories, including Bavaria and Palatinate. They were influential in the Holy Roman Empire and produced several kings and queens. The family is also known for its extensive art collections and historical architecture, including the famous Neuschwanstein Castle. The Wittelsbach dynasty has connections to various royal families across Europe, including the British Royal Family and the Spanish Royal Family, through marriages and alliances.