Wire insulation is a protective covering that surrounds electrical wires. Its primary purpose is to prevent electrical currents from escaping and to protect users from electric shocks. Common materials used for insulation include PVC, rubber, and polyethylene, each offering different levels of durability and resistance to heat and chemicals. In addition to safety, wire insulation also helps reduce interference from external electromagnetic fields, ensuring better performance of electrical systems. Insulation is crucial in various applications, from household wiring to industrial machinery, making it an essential component in the field of electrical engineering.