The Williams Treaty is an agreement made in 1923 between the Government of Canada and several Indigenous nations, including the Anishinaabe and Mississaugas. This treaty aimed to resolve land claims in southern Ontario, particularly concerning areas around the Great Lakes. It recognized the rights of Indigenous peoples to hunt, fish, and gather in their traditional territories. The treaty was named after James Williams, who played a key role in its negotiation. It was significant in acknowledging Indigenous land rights and aimed to provide compensation for lands that had been taken without proper agreements. The Williams Treaty remains an important part of the ongoing discussions about Indigenous rights in Canada.