William James was an American philosopher and psychologist, born on January 11, 1842. He is often referred to as the "Father of American psychology" and was a leading figure in the development of pragmatism, a philosophical approach that evaluates theories or beliefs based on their practical applications and effects. James also contributed significantly to the field of psychology, particularly with his influential book, The Principles of Psychology, published in 1890. In addition to his work in psychology, James was a prominent advocate for functionalism, a school of thought that focuses on how mental processes help individuals adapt to their environments. He also explored topics such as religion and mysticism, emphasizing the importance of personal experience in understanding these subjects. William James passed away on August 26, 1910, leaving a lasting legacy in both philosophy and psychology.