Western cultures primarily refer to the social norms, values, and practices that have developed in Europe and North America. These cultures are often characterized by individualism, democratic governance, and a focus on personal freedom. Influences from the Renaissance, Enlightenment, and Industrial Revolution have shaped Western thought, emphasizing reason, science, and human rights. In addition to individualism, Western cultures often celebrate diversity and multiculturalism, reflecting a mix of traditions and beliefs. Popular forms of expression include literature, music, and art, which have evolved over centuries. The impact of globalization has further spread Western cultural elements worldwide, influencing various societies.