The Welsh Wars of Independence were a series of conflicts in the 13th century as Wales sought to resist English rule. The most notable figure during this period was Llywelyn the Great, who united various Welsh principalities and fought against the English crown. The wars were marked by battles, alliances, and shifting loyalties among Welsh leaders. The conflict intensified under Edward I of England, who aimed to conquer Wales. After the death of Llywelyn the Last in 1282, Wales was effectively brought under English control. The wars highlighted the struggle for Welsh identity and autonomy, shaping the region's history.