Welsh castles are historic fortifications found throughout Wales, built primarily during the medieval period. Many were constructed by the Normans after their conquest of Wales in the 11th century, serving as military strongholds and symbols of power. Notable examples include Caernarfon Castle and Conwy Castle, both recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. These castles showcase a variety of architectural styles, from imposing stone walls to intricate towers. They played crucial roles in the defense and administration of the region, influencing the cultural landscape of Wales. Today, many of these castles are popular tourist attractions, offering insights into the country's rich history.