Well logging is a technique used in the oil and gas industry to gather detailed information about the geological formations surrounding a borehole. This process involves lowering specialized instruments into the well to measure various properties, such as rock type, porosity, and fluid content. The data collected helps geologists and engineers assess the potential for oil or gas production. There are different types of well logs, including electrical, acoustic, and nuclear magnetic resonance logs, each providing unique insights into the subsurface environment. By analyzing this information, companies can make informed decisions about drilling locations and extraction methods, ultimately optimizing resource recovery.