Web protocols are standardized rules that govern how data is transmitted over the internet. They ensure that different systems can communicate effectively, allowing users to access websites, send emails, and transfer files seamlessly. Common examples include HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP, each serving specific purposes in web communication. These protocols define the format and order of messages exchanged between clients and servers. For instance, HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is essential for loading web pages, while FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is used for transferring files. Understanding these protocols is crucial for web developers and network engineers alike.