The "War of the Two Peters" refers to a conflict in the early 18th century between two prominent leaders: Peter the Great of Russia and Peter II of Portugal. This war was primarily driven by territorial disputes and the struggle for influence in Europe, particularly in the context of the Great Northern War and the War of the Spanish Succession. The conflict saw both Peters seeking to expand their empires and assert dominance over rival nations. Ultimately, the war highlighted the shifting power dynamics in Europe during this period, as both leaders aimed to strengthen their respective countries through military and diplomatic means.