The War of the Pacific (1879-1884) was a conflict between Chile and a coalition of Peru and Bolivia. The war primarily arose over disputes regarding territory and valuable resources, particularly nitrate deposits in the Atacama Desert. Chile sought to expand its territory and control these resources, leading to military confrontations. The war resulted in significant territorial changes in South America. Following its victory, Chile gained control of Bolivia's coastal territory and parts of Peru, including the important city of Tacna and the Arica region. This conflict had lasting impacts on the relationships between these countries and shaped the geopolitical landscape of the region.