Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the vitreous gel from the eye. The vitreous gel is a clear substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina. This surgery is often performed to treat various eye conditions, such as retinal detachment, diabetic retinopathy, or macular holes. During the procedure, a surgeon makes small incisions in the eye and uses specialized instruments to remove the vitreous. After the gel is removed, the surgeon may also repair any damage to the retina or inject a gas bubble to help the retina reattach. Recovery time varies, but many patients experience improved vision after the surgery.