Viability staining is a laboratory technique used to determine the health and viability of cells. It involves using specific dyes that can differentiate between live and dead cells based on their membrane integrity. Live cells typically exclude certain dyes, while dead cells take them up, allowing researchers to assess cell viability under a microscope. This method is commonly used in various fields, including cell biology, pharmaceutical research, and clinical diagnostics. By providing a quick and reliable way to evaluate cell health, viability staining helps scientists understand cellular responses to treatments and environmental changes.