Vesicular Exanthema is a viral disease that primarily affects marine mammals, particularly sea lions and seals. It is caused by the Vesicular Exanthema of Swine Virus, which is related to the viruses that cause foot-and-mouth disease in livestock. The disease is characterized by the formation of fluid-filled blisters on the skin, particularly around the mouth and flippers. Transmission occurs through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated environments. While it is not a significant threat to human health, it can lead to severe illness and high mortality rates in affected marine mammal populations. Monitoring and management are essential to prevent outbreaks.