Vertical gene transfer is the process by which genetic information is passed from parent organisms to their offspring. This occurs during reproduction, where genes are inherited through the DNA of the parent. In sexually reproducing organisms, this involves the combination of genetic material from both parents, while in asexual reproduction, offspring receive an exact copy of the parent's genetic material. This method of gene transfer is fundamental to the principles of Mendelian genetics, which explain how traits are inherited. Vertical gene transfer ensures the continuity of genetic traits within a species, contributing to evolution and adaptation over generations.