The Utpala Dynasty was a ruling dynasty in ancient India, primarily known for its influence in the region of Kashmir during the 9th and 10th centuries. Founded by Avantivarman, the dynasty is noted for its contributions to art, culture, and architecture, particularly in the development of Hindu and Buddhist temples. The Utpala rulers were patrons of learning and the arts, fostering a rich cultural environment. Their reign saw the emergence of notable scholars and poets, including Kalhana, who wrote the famous historical text, the Rajatarangini. The dynasty eventually declined, leading to the rise of subsequent powers in the region.