Urological refers to the branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of disorders related to the urinary system and the male reproductive system. This includes organs such as the kidneys, bladder, urethra, and prostate. Urologists are specialized doctors who manage conditions like urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and prostate cancer. Common urological procedures include cystoscopy, which allows doctors to examine the bladder, and vasectomy, a surgical method of male sterilization. Urology also addresses issues like incontinence and erectile dysfunction, helping patients improve their quality of life through various treatment options.