The Urartian Kingdom was an ancient civilization that thrived in the region around Lake Van in modern-day Turkey from the 9th to the 6th centuries BCE. It was known for its advanced architecture, including impressive fortresses and temples, as well as its skilled metalwork and pottery. The Urartians spoke a language related to the Armenian language and had a rich cultural heritage influenced by neighboring civilizations. The kingdom was often in conflict with the Assyrian Empire and other regional powers. At its height, the Urartian Kingdom controlled parts of Armenia, Iran, and Turkey. Its decline began in the 6th century BCE, leading to its eventual absorption by the Medes and other emerging powers in the region.