Underground mining is a method used to extract valuable minerals and resources from beneath the Earth's surface. This technique involves creating tunnels or shafts to access deposits of materials like coal, gold, and copper. It is often employed when resources are located deep underground, making surface mining impractical. Safety is a critical concern in underground mining due to potential hazards such as cave-ins, gas explosions, and poor air quality. Miners use specialized equipment and follow strict safety protocols to minimize risks. The process also requires careful planning to ensure efficient extraction while protecting the environment and surrounding communities.