Umbrella lighting is a photography technique that uses an umbrella-shaped modifier to diffuse light. This setup helps to soften shadows and create a more even illumination on the subject. Typically, a light source, such as a flash or continuous light, is placed behind the umbrella, which reflects and spreads the light. The umbrella can be either reflective or translucent. A reflective umbrella bounces light back towards the subject, while a translucent umbrella allows light to pass through, creating a softer effect. This versatile lighting method is popular among photographers for portrait and product photography, enhancing the overall quality of the images.