Turkish nationalism is a political and cultural movement that emphasizes the unity and identity of the Turkish people. It emerged in the late 19th century, particularly during the decline of the Ottoman Empire, as a response to various ethnic and nationalist movements within the empire. The movement seeks to promote the Turkish language, culture, and history, fostering a sense of pride among citizens. The ideology gained prominence with the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923 under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Atatürk's reforms aimed to modernize the nation and solidify a national identity, emphasizing secularism and nationalism. Today, Turkish nationalism continues to influence politics and society in Turkey.