The Turkish War of Independence (1919-1923) was a conflict fought by Turkish nationalists against occupying Allied forces following World War I. Led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the movement aimed to establish a sovereign nation-state in response to the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire. The war concluded with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923, which recognized the boundaries of modern Turkey. This victory marked the end of foreign occupation and the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, with Atatürk becoming its first president, initiating significant reforms to modernize the country.