The Turkish War of Independence (1919-1923) was a conflict fought by Turkish nationalists against occupying Allied forces following World War I. The war aimed to establish a sovereign nation-state in Turkey and reject the terms of the Treaty of Sèvres, which sought to partition the Ottoman Empire. Led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the nationalists organized a military resistance and gained popular support. The war concluded with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923, which recognized the boundaries of modern Turkey and marked the end of the Ottoman Empire, leading to the establishment of the Republic of Turkey.