Turbo Codes are advanced error-correcting codes used in digital communication systems to improve data transmission reliability. They work by encoding data in a way that allows the receiver to detect and correct errors that may occur during transmission. This is particularly important in environments where signals can be weak or noisy, such as in mobile phones or satellite communications. The key feature of Turbo Codes is their use of two or more simple convolutional codes combined with an interleaver. This combination allows for better performance than traditional coding methods, making Turbo Codes highly effective for modern applications like 3G and 4G mobile networks.