Channel coding is a technique used in communication systems to ensure that data is transmitted accurately over noisy channels. It involves adding extra bits to the original data, creating a code that helps detect and correct errors that may occur during transmission. This process improves the reliability of data transfer, making it essential for technologies like cellular networks and Wi-Fi. One common type of channel coding is Hamming code, which can identify and fix single-bit errors. By using these coding methods, systems can maintain high-quality communication, even in challenging conditions, ensuring that the information received is as close to the original as possible.