The Tupamaros were a leftist urban guerrilla group in Uruguay that emerged in the 1960s. They aimed to challenge the government and address social inequalities through direct action, including kidnappings and bank robberies. Their activities were part of a broader wave of revolutionary movements in Latin America during that time. The group was named after the Incan leader Túpac Amaru II, who fought against Spanish colonial rule. The Tupamaros gained significant attention for their tactics and ideology, leading to a harsh government crackdown. By the early 1970s, many members were arrested, and the group eventually dissolved as political conditions changed in Uruguay.