The Tuoba were a nomadic people who lived in northern China during the early centuries of the Common Era. They are best known for founding the Northern Wei dynasty in the 4th century, which played a significant role in the unification of northern China. The Tuoba were originally part of the Xianbei confederation and gradually established their own identity and political power. Under the leadership of the Tuoba, the Northern Wei dynasty expanded its territory and implemented various reforms, including the promotion of Buddhism. The dynasty is notable for its cultural achievements and the development of a centralized government, which laid the groundwork for future dynasties in China.