The tundra biome is a cold, treeless region found primarily in the Arctic and Antarctic areas. It is characterized by low temperatures, strong winds, and a short growing season. The soil is often frozen, known as permafrost, which limits the types of plants that can grow. Common vegetation includes mosses, lichens, and small shrubs. Wildlife in the tundra is adapted to harsh conditions. Animals such as caribou, arctic foxes, and snowy owls thrive in this environment. Many species migrate to find food during the long winter months. The tundra plays a crucial role in the Earth's climate system and supports unique ecosystems.