Tumor sequencing is a laboratory process that analyzes the genetic material of a tumor to identify mutations or changes in its DNA. This information helps doctors understand the specific characteristics of the cancer, which can guide treatment decisions. By comparing the tumor's DNA to normal tissue, clinicians can pinpoint alterations that may be driving the cancer's growth. The results of tumor sequencing can reveal potential targets for targeted therapies, which are treatments designed to attack specific cancer cells based on their genetic profile. This personalized approach aims to improve treatment effectiveness and minimize side effects, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.