Trials are formal legal proceedings where a case is examined in a court of law. They typically involve a judge and sometimes a jury, who listen to evidence and arguments presented by both sides. The purpose of a trial is to determine the facts of a case and reach a verdict, which can lead to a resolution of disputes or the imposition of penalties. There are different types of trials, including criminal trials, where the state prosecutes an individual for breaking the law, and civil trials, which involve disputes between private parties. The outcome of a trial can significantly impact the lives of those involved, including defendants, plaintiffs, and witnesses.