The Treaty of London was signed on April 19, 1839, establishing Belgium's independence and neutrality. This agreement was reached among the major European powers, including United Kingdom, France, Prussia, Austria, and Russia. The treaty aimed to prevent future conflicts in Europe by ensuring that Belgium would remain neutral in international affairs. The treaty also recognized the borders of Belgium, which had been created after the Belgian Revolution of 1830. By guaranteeing Belgium's neutrality, the Treaty of London sought to maintain a balance of power in Europe, which was crucial during a time of political tension and shifting alliances.