The Transvaal Colony was a British colony in southern Africa, established after the Second Anglo-Boer War in 1902. It was located in what is now part of South Africa and included the area previously known as the South African Republic. The colony was officially annexed by the British and governed as part of their imperial interests in the region. The Transvaal Colony played a significant role in the history of South Africa, particularly during the early 20th century. It became a center for mining, especially gold, which attracted many immigrants and contributed to economic growth. The colony was eventually incorporated into the Union of South Africa in 1910.