Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) is a protein that plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and immune responses. It is involved in wound healing and tissue repair, helping to control inflammation and promote the formation of new tissue. TGF-β exists in three main isoforms: TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3, each with distinct functions in the body. Dysregulation of TGF-β signaling can lead to various diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, and autoimmune disorders, making it an important target for therapeutic research.