Titanium dioxide, or TiO2, is a white, opaque mineral commonly used as a pigment in paints, coatings, and plastics due to its brightness and high refractive index. It is also found in products like sunscreen, where it acts as a UV filter, protecting the skin from harmful rays. In addition to its use in consumer products, TiO2 has applications in photocatalysis, helping to break down pollutants in the environment. It is also utilized in the production of ceramics and glass, contributing to their durability and aesthetic qualities.