Thermal performance refers to how well a material or building can manage heat. It involves understanding how much heat is absorbed, retained, or lost, which affects comfort and energy efficiency. For example, a well-insulated home can keep warm air inside during winter and block heat during summer, reducing the need for heating or cooling systems. Good thermal performance is essential for energy efficiency and can lead to lower utility bills. It also contributes to a more comfortable living environment. Factors like insulation, windows, and building orientation play a crucial role in achieving optimal thermal performance in any structure.