The Netherlands, located in Western Europe, is known for its flat landscape, extensive canal systems, and iconic windmills. The country is bordered by Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest. Its capital city is Amsterdam, famous for its artistic heritage and vibrant culture. The Netherlands has a population of approximately 17 million people and is recognized for its progressive policies and high standard of living. The official language is Dutch, and the country is known for its tulip fields, cycling routes, and rich history in trade and exploration during the Golden Age.