"The End of History and the Last Man" is a philosophical work by Francis Fukuyama, published in 1992. It argues that the spread of liberal democracy and free-market capitalism marks the endpoint of humanity's ideological evolution. Fukuyama suggests that this development represents the culmination of political history, where no viable alternatives to liberal democracy remain. The book also explores the implications of this ideological victory for human nature and society. Fukuyama discusses the concept of the "Last Man," a term borrowed from Friedrich Nietzsche, referring to a complacent individual who prioritizes comfort and security over higher aspirations. This raises questions about the future of human motivation and purpose in a world dominated by liberal values.