A territorial enclave is a distinct area of land that is completely surrounded by the territory of another state or region. This means that the enclave is politically or administratively part of one country but is geographically located within the borders of another. An example of this is the Vatican City, which is an independent city-state entirely surrounded by Italy. Enclaves can arise from historical treaties, conflicts, or geographical circumstances. They often lead to unique cultural and political situations, as the residents may have different laws and governance compared to the surrounding area. Another example is Lesotho, which is an enclave within South Africa.