Terpenoids, also known as isoprenoids, are a large and diverse class of organic compounds produced by various plants, animals, and microorganisms. They are derived from five-carbon isoprene units and play essential roles in the natural world, including contributing to the aroma and flavor of many plants. Common examples include menthol from mint and limonene from citrus fruits. These compounds are not only important for plant defense and attraction of pollinators but also have various applications in medicine and industry. Some terpenoids exhibit therapeutic properties, making them valuable in the development of essential oils and pharmaceuticals.